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Chicago Manual of Style: Citing Online Sources
The Chicago Manual of Style offers two basic systems. One system is Notes and Bibliography. This is generally used by writers in literature, history, and the arts. The other is the Author-Date System. This is generally used by writers in the physical sciences, natural sciences, and social sciences.
Works consulted are listed in a bibliography. Documentation of specific portions of a work (bibliographic citations) is listed in notes (footnotes or endnotes). Footnotes are listed at the bottom of pages throughout the paper. Endnotes are listed at the end of the text of the paper.
From The Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed.)
(This information about online journals also applies to library subscription databases):
"...The number ranges that appear in...the following examples are those usually provided for articles in online journals that have parallel print versions. Many scholarly journals also make images of the printed page available online, so that citations to individual pages are possible. When citing an article, always include the page range, if it is available, in the bibliography..."
For more information on this topic, please see The Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed.)
Citations from library subscription databases
*Please note* If an access date is required, include it parenthetically at the end of the citation:
(accessed August 27, 2001).
Examples for the bibliography along with the footnote/endnote:
Example from Academic Search Premier (EBSCO):
Byrd-Bredbenner, Carl. "Health, Medicine, and Food Messages
in Television Commercials During 1992 and 1998." Journal of School Health
70 (1997): 61-65. http://web.ebscohost.com.
1. Carl Byrd-Bredbenner, "Health, Medicine, and and Food Messages in Television Commercials During 1992 and 1998," Journal of School Health 70 (1997): 63, http://web.ebscohost.com.
Example from America: History & Life:
Houck, Davis. “FDR’s First Inaugural Address: Text, Context, And Reception.”
Rhetoric & Public Affairs 5, no. 4 (2002): 649-78. http://serials.abc-clio.com.
1. Davis Houck, “FDR’s First Inaugural Address: Text, Context, And Reception,” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 5, no. 4 (2002): 655, http://serials.abc-clio.com.
Example from Art Full Text (WilsonWeb):
DeVonyar, Jill. "The Class of 1881: Degas, Drawing, and the Little Dancer Aged
Fourteen.” Master Drawings 41, no. 2 (2003): 151-162. http://www.ebsco.com.
1. Jill DeVonyar, "The Class of 1881: Degas, Drawing, and the Little Dancer Aged Fourteen,” Master Drawings 41, no. 2 (2003): 160, http://www.ebsco.com.
Example from ERIC (EBSCO), Journal Article:
Gang, Marjorie. "Sound-Symbol Learning in Children with Dyslexia." Journal of Learning
Disabilities 35, no. 2 (2002): 137-157. http://www.ebsco.com.
1. Marjorie Gang, "Sound-Symbol Learning in Children with Dyslexia," Journal of Learning Disabilities 35, no. 2 (2002): 142, http://www.ebsco.com.
Example from JSTOR:
Knight, Frank. "Bertrand Russell on Power."Ethics 49, no. 3 (1939): 253-285.
http://www.jstor.org.
1. Frank Knight, "Bertrand Russell on Power,"Ethics 49, no. 3 (1939): 261, http://www.jstor.org.
Example from Lexis-Nexis:
Wedner, Diane. "Personal Best: A Close-up Look at People Who Matter; Student Rallies
Volunteers to Help Kids Read." Los Angeles Times, June 18,1998.
http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
1. Diane Wedner, "Personal Best: A Close-up Look at People Who Matter; Student Rallies Volunteers to Help Kids Read," Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1998, http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
Example from LION (Literature Online):
Austin, Linda. "Emily Bronte's Homesickness." Victorian Studies: an International
Journal of Social, Political, and Cultural Studies 44, no. 4 (2002): 573-596.
http://lion.chadwyck.com.
1. Linda Austin, "Emily Bronte's Homesickness," Victorian Studies: an International Journal of Social, Political, and Cultural Studies 44, no. 4 (2002): 573-596, http://lion.chadwyck.com.
Example from MLA International Bibliography (EBSCO):
Atchley, Clinton. "Reconsidering the Ghost in Hamlet: Cohesion or Coercion?"
Philological Review 23, no. 2 (2002): 5-20. http://www.ebsco.com.
1. Clinton Atchley, "Reconsidering the Ghost in Hamlet: Cohesion or Coercion?"Philological Review 23, no. 2 (2002): 18, http://www.ebsco.com.
Example from Science Direct:
Fatta, Donald. “Integrated Environmental Monitoring and Simulation System." Journal of
Environmental Management 64, no.4 (2002): 333-343.
http://www.sciencedirect.com.
1. Donald Fatta, “Integrated Environmental Monitoring and Simulation System," Journal of Environmental Management 64, no.4 (2002): 337, http://www.sciencedirect.com.
Citations from individual sources
*Please note* If an access date is required, include it parenthetically at the end of the citation:
(accessed August 27, 2001).
Books published online.
Kurland, Philip. The Founders’ Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1987. http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/.
1. Philip Kurland, The Founders’ Constitution (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/.
Electronic journal
Warr, Mark. "Rethinking Social Reactions to Crime." American Journal of Sociology 106,
no.3 (November 2000): 551-78.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJS/journal /issues/v106n3/050125/050125.html.
1. Mark Warr, "Rethinking Social Reactions to Crime," American Journal of Sociology 106, no.3 (November 2000), http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJS/journal /issues/v106n3/050125/050125.html.
Online magazines
Reaves, Jessica. “A Weighty Issue: Ever-Fatter Kids." Time, March
14, 2001, http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,102443,00.html.
1. Jessica Reaves, “A Weighty Issue: Ever-Fatter Kids," Time, March 14, 2001, http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,102443,00.html.
Online newspaper
Mitchell, Alison. “Scars Still Raw, Bush Clashes with McCain.”
New York Times, March 25, 2001.
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/25/politics/25MCCA.html.
1. Alison Mitchell, “Scars Still Raw, Bush Clashes with McCain,” New York Times, March 25, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/25/politics/25MCCA.html.
Web site
Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees. “Evanston Public Library Strategic
Plan, 2000-2010: A Decade of Outreach.” Evanston Public Library.
http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html.
1. Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees, “Evanston Public Library Strategic Plan, 2000-2010: A Decade of Outreach,” Evanston Public Library, http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html.
Works consulted are listed in "References" or "Works Cited."
Documentation of specific portions of a work is cited in the text of the paper in parentheses.
Citations from library subscription databases
*Please note* If an access date is required, include it parenthetically at the end of the citation:
(accessed August 27, 2001).
Examples for "References" or "Works Cited" along with the parenthetical citation:
Example from Academic Search Premier (EBSCO):
Byrd-Bredbenner, Carl. 1997. Health, medicine, and food messages
in television commercials during 1992 and 1998. Journal of School Health
70: 61-65. http://web.ebscohost.com.
(Byrd-Bredbenner 1997, 63)
Example from America: History & Life:
Houck, Davis. 2002. FDR’s first inaugural address: text, context, and reception.
Rhetoric & Public Affairs 5 (4): 649-78. http://serials.abc-clio.com.
(Houck 2002, 655)
Example from Art Full Text (WilsonWeb):
DeVonyar, Jill. 2003. The Class of 1881: Degas, drawing, and the Little Dancer Aged
Fourteen. Master Drawings 41 (2): 151-62. http://www.ebsco.com.
(DeVonyar 2003, 160)
Example from ERIC (EBSCO), Journal Article:
Gang, Marjorie. 2002. Sound-symbol learning in children with dyslexia. Journal of
Learning Disabilities 35 (2): 137-57. http://www.ebsco.com.
(Gang 2002, 142)
Example from JSTOR:
Knight, Frank. 1939. Bertrand Russell on power. Ethics 49 (3): 253-85.
http://www.jstor.org.
(Knight 1939, 261)
Example from Lexis-Nexis:
Wedner, Diane. 1998. Personal best: a close-up look at people who matter; student
rallies volunteers to help kids read. Los Angeles Times, June 18,1998.
http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe.
Example from LION (Literature Online):
Austin, Linda. 2002. Emily Bronte's homesickness. Victorian Studies: an International
Journal of Social, Political, and Cultural Studies 44 (4): 573-96.
http://lion.chadwyck.com.
(Austin 2002, 580)
Example from MLA International Bibliography (EBSCO):
Atchley, Clinton. 2002. Reconsidering the ghost in Hamlet: cohesion or coercion?
Philological Review 23 (2): 5-20. http://www.ebsco.com.
(Atchley 2002, 18)
Example from Science Direct:
Fatta, Donald. 2002. Integrated environmental monitoring and simulation
system. Journal of Environmental Management 64: 333-
43. http://www.sciencedirect.com.
(Fatta 2002, 337)
Citations from individual sources
*Please note* If an access date is required, include it parenthetically at the end of the citation:
(accessed August 27, 2001).
Books published online.
Kurland, Philip. 1987. The founders’ constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/.
(Kurland 1987)
Electronic journal
Warr, Mark. 2000. Rethinking social reactions to crime. American Journal of Sociology
106,no.3 (November): 551-78.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJS/journal /issues/v106n3/050125/050125.html.
(Warr 2000)
Online magazines
Reaves, Jessica. 2001. A weighty issue: ever-fatter kids. Time, March
14. http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,102443,00.html.
(Reaves 2001)
Online newspaper
Mitchell, Alison. 2001. Scars still raw, Bush clashes with McCain.
New York Times, March 25.
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/25/politics/25MCCA.html.
(Mitchell 2001)
Web site
Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees. Evanston Public Library strategic
plan, 2000-2010: a decade of outreach. Evanston Public Library.
http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html.
(Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees)
PLEASE NOTE
The examples on these pages are taken from
or based on examples in:
The Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed.)
(Ready Reference 808.02 C53 2003)
or
"The Chicago Manual of Style Online."